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Don Jenkins

Posted on by Sophie Gordon

Since August 2024, Don Jenkins has traveled around Norway as a Fulbright Roving Scholar in American studies. In this capacity, he spends about three days at a given school teaching lower secondary students (ages 14–16) about U.S. history, government, culture, and current events. By the end of the school year, he will have taught approximately 6,000 students.

Don uses iCivics as part of the curriculum he’s developed for some of his workshops on topics like the Bill of Rights, how laws are passed, and the Civil Rights Movement. As a teacher for 30 years, Don is familiar with iCivics:

It’s been successful in my classroom back in the United States, so I kind of thought that it would be a good way for kids to learn more about the presidency, the separation of powers, and the checks and balances—important governmental ideas in the United States. I think kids really remember what they learn from playing games these days, and I thought it would be kind of a fun way to highlight and have them go deeper into the points that we were discussing from the activities earlier in the workshop.

Don’s most popular workshop is “So You Want To Be President?” which focuses on the role of the president and the unique process of choosing a president in the United States, including discussions about the Electoral College and the two-party system involving Republicans and Democrats. He ends the course by giving students time to play Win the White House and Executive Command.

As the “foundation of any democratic country,” Don notes that civic education is not just about “learning the basics of how governments work and how bills are turned into laws, but it can teach all the subjects. You can teach how to read. You can teach how to write.”

Case in point, Don highlighted the benefits of using iCivics games for helping students practice their English skills. One of the goals of the Fulbright program is for the students to practice their English with a native speaker. Don likes that Win the White House can be played on different levels, so the vocabulary can align with the Norwegian students’ English language abilities:

They can kind of adapt it to whatever they think would be the best language level for them. A lot of kids are not entirely confident with using English, so I think it also helps them build some confidence, and it’s also good because they can work in groups and talk about what’s going on.

“We spend about half an hour on the games and talking about them. We had lunch after one of the classes, and many of the kids were still playing the game,” Don said, explaining one of the ways he gauges the game’s impact and how they engage his students.

“Whenever people ask, like, ‘Hey, I’m stuck. How can I get kids excited about government?’ I’m always like, ‘Use iCivics! That’s a good way to get them hooked.’”

About Don

Teaching experience: 30+ years — Middle and high school social studies

Select Awards: 2019 Civic Engagement Champion (National Association of State Boards of Education)

A Fluorescent Moment for Civics

Posted on by Sophie Gordon

As we carry the energy of Civic Learning Week (CLW) 2025 forward, I am reflecting on the momentum we witnessed across the country.  The key takeaway for me coming out of CLW is that the civic fabric of America, while frayed, remains durable. New research shows public support for civic education is sky-high. Large majorities believe that what unites us are the founding principles of our constitutional democracy and that the highest responsibility of citizenship is protecting each other’s liberties.

A heat map of local civic action from recent weeks, covering everything from classroom lessons about the Constitution to people attending town halls and Governors signing civic education legislation, would show bright fluorescent splashes across all 50 states. That is what CLW is all about, and it is worth celebrating. We have excellent opportunities to maintain this momentum on the horizon, including around Constitution Day in September.

We also know that polarization, plummeting faith in institutions, and technology-driven disconnection will continue to stress our civic fabric to a degree we haven’t seen in generations. Coupled with the intensity of disruption in politics and policy right now, these trends are creating a fluorescence of their own, in the sense that just keeping up is akin to staring into the sun.

In this environment, civic education is the most powerful, underutilized tool we have to ensure that our individual liberties and our voice as the ultimate democratic arbiter are protected and that our children are prepared to navigate an increasingly complex world.

The fast-approaching 250th anniversary of the birth of the American experiment provides a fleeting opportunity to return civic knowledge, pride, and action to the center of American life after so many years of atrophy with obvious consequences. To paraphrase Sharon McMahon, the popular author and civics podcast host who graced us with her presence at CLW, too many of us have been robbed of this rich knowledge for too long – and it is time to get it back.

We built momentum for this critical work at CLW. I want to offer my heartfelt appreciation to all the individuals and organizations that spoke up for civics across the country, with special thanks to our CLW National Forum co-hosts from the Center for Revitalizing American Institutions at the Hoover Institution and our CLW and forum sponsors Bezos Family Foundation; Corporation for Public Broadcasting; Daniels Fund; Democratic Knowledge Project; Microsoft; More Perfect; PBS LearningMedia; Stuart Foundation; and Travelers.

Here are five additional steps forward I believe we all must take together to bring civics back to the center in our nation:

The Founders unequivocally believed that civic education should be a sustaining pillar of constitutional democracy:

  • Thomas Jefferson and James Madison extolled civic learning as a way to safeguard individual freedoms.
  • And President George Washington, in his final Annual Address to Congress in 1796, said that the “education of our Youth in the science of Government” would prepare them to be “future guardians of the liberties of the Country.”

To them, civics and an ethos of service were at the heart of what education in America should be, but we have strayed very far from that vision in our schools and communities.

Key takeaway: Collectively, we need to lead with the Founders’ vision as we argue for returning high-quality civics to the center of how our children learn and prepare to be responsible citizens. We can tell this story and tell it often over the next 18 months.

More to explore:

  • Watch the Civic Learning Week closing plenary with Condoleezza Rice, Tad and Dianne Taube Director & Thomas and Barbara Stephenson Senior Fellow on Public Policy, Hoover Institution, and Spencer Cox, Governor, State of Utah.

Condoleezza Rice and Utah Governor Spencer Cox converse during the Civic Learning Week closing plenary.

It would be hard to overstate the importance of continuing to go local and back to basics on civics at this moment:

  • Local communities are where the most trusted institutions and leaders still reside.
  • Policy gridlock and our saturated media environment make it difficult to operate productively at the federal-national level.
  • Our federalist system, and many of the Trump Administration’s early policy moves, mean that states and locales will have even more power to set the direction of education and other issues in the future.

This means that public dialogue and policy change are coming in all 50 states, focusing on what the goals of education should be (hint: look back to the Founders!) and how to manage and fund it moving forward.

Key takeaway: Funders and partners can immediately get behind an array of local efforts to build civics coalitions, advance good policy based on local context, and help bridge the gap between the civics classroom and local communities, where civics can be experienced first-hand in a way that solidifies student learning and nurtures longer-term civic engagement. The work of the CivxNow coalition and growing momentum behind state Civic Seals programs and the National Civics Bee are examples of new energy in this area.

More to explore:

Gen. Jim Mattis speaks with Hahrie Han and Sharon McMahon during the Pluralistic Civic Learning in Practice panel at Civic Learning Week.

We are long past due to evolve our thinking about how civic learning happens in the following ways:

  • Start in kindergarten and never stop providing civic learning experiences (rather than focusing mainly on grades 6-12).
  • Build new approaches to imparting civic knowledge that are fit for the way young people – really all of us – learn and live today, including engagement in all types of school, out of school, and informal learning environments.
  • Expand our argument for civics to include the importance of core skill building (communication, critical thinking, and collaboration) for the economy of the AI age.
  • Evolve our thinking about measuring attainment.

Of course, to do any of this effectively, we also have to become comfortable with some uncomfortable things: embracing responsible AI use, walking the walk on pluralism and celebrating a huge range of local approaches, and inviting students and parents into the heart of the conversation about where we go from here.

Key takeaway: We have a moment of opportunity to strengthen nascent collaboration among stakeholders across the learning cycle (K-Grey) and learning environments, and between the public and private sectors. Engaging the business sector, including technology organizations, will be critical here and across all that I propose in this document.

More to explore:

A panel of four youth and young adults discuss civic education with moderator Rajiv Vinnakota, President of the Institute for Citizens & Scholars.

In many recent conversations, I have sensed latent skepticism about whether schools are worthy of focus any longer in terms of delivering quality civic education. I cannot argue strongly enough for us to resist this temptation, for a few key reasons among many:

  • For 250 years, there have been civics teachers in every community advancing the Founders’ vision of protecting individual liberties and preparing the future defenders of our democratic traditions. There are no other scaled, locally trusted channels like this for reaching young people and their parents and communities.
  • The further shift of power over curriculum and instruction to the states, coupled with decreased federal funding streams, mean that civic educators will have to navigate a Wild West environment to access professional development opportunities and deliver high-quality civic learning.

These shifts provide openings at the state and local level to build support for educators and for returning civics to the center. At CLW, we unveiled a new annual prize honoring an exemplary civics teacher from our network in the name of iCivics’ founder, the late U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor, which we hope will be part of a larger surge of support to civic educators.

Key takeaway: Our transformative aspirations for civic education will fall apart if we overlook teachers and their frontline role as defenders of both our democracy and our children. We need to support teachers and encourage them to be engaging America’s young people on both our democratic traditions *and* contemporary public issues in the classroom. Strong civics instruction that effectively brings these two things together, and makes space for students to engage with a variety of viewpoints, propels the development of core democratic knowledge, civic pride, critical thinking, communication, and collaboration skills – all so important in the challenging contemporary environment and economy.

More to explore:

  • Read about our Chief Policy and Advocacy Officer’s full circle moment during Civic Learning Week.
  • Check out the CivxNow State Policy Menu, your one-stop shop for crafting strong civic education policies for K–12 schools.
  • Learn about Teachers Advancing Civic Learning (TACL), a grassroots network of educators trained and empowered to advance and strengthen civic learning through policy at the local, state, and national levels.

Even a milestone commemoration of the birth of the American experiment isn’t immune from national cultural conflict right now. But below the national level, evidence shows a huge yearning among Americans to reach out across differences, build more connections, and solve problems together – in other words, to act according to pluralism. And so we must:

  • Tell a better story about democracy by telling better stories about America, to paraphrase Republican strategist Sarah Longwell. America250 provides a generational opportunity to do that.
  • As a means of rebuilding broader trust in institutions and democracy, raise up and celebrate local (more trusted) institutions and local (more trusted) civic educators and leaders who protect our liberties and deliver results in communities.

Stitched together, these many actions will represent a nationwide civic reawakening at a pivotal moment in our history. The huge scope and variety of these efforts will be pluralism in action.

Key takeaway: The greater opportunity here is to give all Americans something they can feel prideful about throughout their lives. Today’s young people likely won’t remember the division and distortion of this moment, but they may remember the cool things they helped make happen in their community for America250.

More to explore:

Rosie Rios, Chair, America250, speaks at the Civic Learning Week National Forum.

I hope the civics community can coalesce and do our best work to take advantage of the generational moment that is upon us. As Civic Learning Week exemplified, we are best suited to tell the vividly colorful (fluorescent) stories about America and our constitutional democracy that can bring people together at the community level. There is no more important calling on the road ahead, and as always, I’m reminded of a quote from iCivics’ founder, the late U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor: “We pay a price when we deprive children of the exposure to the values, principles, and education they need to make them good citizens.” My only edit would be to have this quote apply to all people, and my call to action is civics for all, one community at a time.

Civic Learning Week photos courtesy of Patrick Beaudouin | Hoover Institution

Using DBQuests for Test Preparation

Posted on by Sophie Gordon

Teachers are teaching more than facts in high school history and government classes. If you ask them, most will agree the content is a platform for teaching life skills; cultural awareness, civic engagement, and communication come to mind. Above all, teachers want their students to leave their social science classes with strong critical thinking skills, the ability to analyze events, evaluate sources for reliability (and determine the validity of that source based on its biases), and understand multiple perspectives.

As the focus of our instruction has changed, so has the way we assess the learning of these skills. Teachers are moving away from straight multiple-choice tests (although there is something to be said about the ease of grading A, B, C or D) and focusing on students’ analytical skills demonstrated through essay or free-response prompts. Similar to the long division of old, teachers are looking for students to show what and how they are thinking and, while a “right” answer is appreciated, so is the process by which students arrive at that answer.

We all know practice makes “better” (nothing is perfect). Teachers can not hand students an essay question or send them off to take their AP test without practice answering these types of questions. It would be setting students up for failure. Speaking from experience, though, creating quality practice questions is time consuming, more so if you are not an expert in the topic. How can you find quality sources if your own understanding is rudimentary at best?

This is where iCivics DBQuests come in. DBQuests are a learning tool that uses document-based questions to guide students in primary source analysis. I have used the same ready-to-go DBQuests with middle and high school (Dual Enrollment no less), picking and choosing which supports from the teacher resources were needed for my English Language Learners and Gifted and Talented students as needed with great success thanks to the built-in support. DBQuests guide students through analyzing a primary or secondary source to identify its perspective and usefulness, identify the source type, and analyze it to answer a central question. The Teacher’s Guide includes supports like student printables and glossaries, perfect for your EL/ML students needing that reinforcement.

Students who are being introduced to DBQuests and essay writing will benefit from the guided mode. Guided mode prompts students to identify different parts of the source while thinking critically using that overarching question. More experienced students can be assigned the same activity without the support in freeform mode. This is more similar to what your AP students could expect to see in the FRQs. The true beauty? You can assign the different levels to students based on their individual needs simultaneously without anyone being aware of what level of support they are receiving using iCivics’ LMS. Set up different classes for students (all they would need is your class code) or assign Lesson A and Lesson B in the same class, specifying who does which version. It is up to the teacher.

As teachers, we understand how important it is to meet students where they are, rather than where we want them to be. By using these scaffolds I was able to meet the needs of all of my students (and no one knew they were doing different lessons), which encouraged each of them to stretch their skills. By the end of the year, I have seen significant growth in the reasoning and evaluative skills of all my students.

No prep. Personalized scaffolds. DBQ practice. What reason do you have NOT to use them?

Written by Anne Walker

Anne Walker brings a wide perspective to iCivics, having taught Kindergarten through Dual Enrollment American History and Government over her 20+ years in education. A proud Madison Fellow, she holds master’s degrees in both Curriculum, Instruction and Assessment, as well as American History and Government. A member of iCivics’ Steering Committee, she is also proud to have a seat on the National Constitution Center Teacher Advisory Council and RetroReport Teacher Ambassadors. She currently serves on the National Council of Social Studies Board of Directors.

Through the iCivics Educator Network, the perspectives of teachers across the country contribute to the public conversation about civic education in the United States. Each contributor represents their own opinion. We welcome this diversity of perspectives.

Unlocking the Constitution for Multilingual Learners: The Power of Video

Posted on by Sophie Gordon

As we celebrate National Bilingual/Multilingual Learner Advocacy Month this April, it’s the perfect time to explore effective strategies for supporting these students, and our Constitution EXPLAINED, or Todo sobre la constitución (in Spanish), video series offers a powerful example of how to do just that.

Videos are a great resource for teaching English and multilingual learners (ELs/MLs) because they provide:

  • Multimodal Input: Videos don’t just present text; they combine audio and visual cues. This is crucial for ELs/MLs, who benefit from seeing concepts illustrated. For example, when explaining the “separation of powers,” visuals show the three branches of government in action. This helps ELs/MLs connect complex legal terms with concrete images, enhancing comprehension and retention. This is especially helpful with the complex vocabulary of social studies. Visuals can help explain the meaning of words like “legislative,” “ratification,” and “compromise.”
Screenshot from The People's Branch episode of the Constitution EXPLAINED visually explaining the terms "political deals," "compromise," and "disagreements."
The People's Branch episode uses visuals to explain the meaning of "political deals," "compromise," and "disagreements."
A screenshot from the El poder del pueblo episode of Todo sobre la constitución that visually explains the terms "negociaciones políticas," "acuerdos," and "desacuerdos."
The Spanish version of the episode, El poder del pueblo, uses the same visuals to explain the meaning of the same terms in Spanish.
  • Authentic Language and Context: These videos use a conversational approach and were designed with students in mind. ELs/MLs see and hear about constitutional concepts in everyday language in a way that builds upon their background knowledge, exposing them to new concepts along with familiar language, thus providing valuable and relatable context.
  • Engaging and Motivating Learning: The short, digestible format of the Constitution EXPLAINED videos keeps MLs engaged. The clear, concise explanations, coupled with visuals, make learning about the Constitution less intimidating and more enjoyable. The call to action questions at the end of each video encourage the students to want to learn more.
  • Listening Comprehension and Language Support:
    • Videos provide valuable listening practice, helping MLs develop their ability to understand spoken English within an academic context.
    • Crucially, the availability of both English and Spanish versions, along with bilingual Teacher Guides, provides essential support. Spanish-speaking MLs can listen in their native language and then reinforce their understanding in English.
    • Subtitles/closed captioning or transcripts can be used to support comprehension, allowing learners to connect spoken and written language.
  • Flexibility and Accessibility: The short video format (2-3 minutes in length) allows for flexible learning. Teachers can assign videos as needed, and MLs can review them at their own pace. This is particularly beneficial for students who need extra time to process information. They can watch the videos multiple times.
  • Extending Learning with Teacher Guides: Our bilingual (English/Spanish) guides are designed for maximum versatility, supporting diverse classroom needs and maximizing and extending learning. The English component benefits all multilingual learners, regardless of their native language, while the Spanish component specifically caters to dual-language programs and Spanish-speaking MLs, ensuring targeted support. The guides include:
    • Content-specific vocabulary: Taken directly from the video scripts, these terms are presented in context, aiding comprehension.
    • Guiding questions: These questions activate prior knowledge and encourage critical thinking, both before and after viewing.
    • Video Viewing Strategies and Instruction Strategies: These provide teachers with tools to support MLs, such as: “Turn and Talk” activities for collaborative learning; Identifying cognates in Spanish and English to build connections; Sentence frames to guide writing and discussion, and more.
Screenshot of the Video Viewing Strategies and Instructional Strategies sections of a lesson plan.

In conclusion, the Constitution EXPLAINED video series harnesses the power of video to make learning about the Constitution accessible and engaging for all students, particularly English and multilingual learners. The combination of multimodal input, language support, and flexible resources creates a rich learning experience that promotes both language acquisition and civic understanding.

Written by Kristen Chapron

Kristen Chapron is Senior Editor of Digital Learning and ELL at iCivics. She worked on the Todo sobre la constitución series and looks forward to creating even more materials for English and multilingual learners.

Emma is Proud of You

Posted on by Sophie Gordon

Man, it’s not easy to be a civics teacher right now. No matter where you teach, things may feel a bit tricky. For some of you, it may feel like a minefield. You may think, “I’m not sure how to do my job.”

We recognize that. We get it.

Here’s what I want to say: Yes, you do. You know how to do your job. Moreover, the parents of America want you to do your job. The public overwhelmingly agrees that our country needs K-12 civic education. It’s more than popular. It’s more than bipartisan. Americans from all political stripes think civic education will have a positive impact on strengthening our national common identity. I have receipts. See here and here.

There are lots of ways to be a patriot. For us civics teachers of America, it is by doing our jobs—teaching the knowledge, skills, and dispositions our students deserve and our constitutional democracy requires.

With full appreciation for just how busy you are, I’d like to suggest that this moment calls for even more from us. It calls for us to take our mission to our students’ parents.

When we’re scared or uncertain, it’s only natural to seek shelter and weather the storm. As someone who is extraordinarily afraid of lightning (I grew up in South Florida—the trauma is real), I don’t take this metaphor lightly. But now is not the time to hunker down and hope the tempest soon retreats. We need to put on our <insert your preferred regional term for rainboots> and take our case to parents and even the broader community.

Here are some ideas on how to structure your outreach:

    • Start with the Personal. Share what drew you to the teaching of history and civics. For me, it was a passion for our founding ideals and an enthusiasm for the complexity of our system of government (I’m looking at you, federalism and the Electoral College). I’m always telling folks, “Listen, social studies teachers don’t go into this line of work because we hate America. On the contrary, we love our country, our history, our founding documents, and our system of government, and nothing gives us greater joy than sharing this passion with our students.”
    • Move to the Philosophical: No, I’m not talking Socrates or Kant, but if that’s your jam, you do you. I’m talking about your teaching philosophy. Briefly, here’s mine, which you are welcome to borrow from: I’m not here to tell students what to think. I’m here to help them learn how to think. My job is to bring enthusiasm and knowledge and just enough self-deprecating nerdiness to protect myself from students’ relentless if not clever (and sometimes hilarious) jabs at my civics teacher identity. When students leave my classroom, they will know more, care more, and feel more confident in their ability to think critically about and contribute to their communities. As for this talk of indoctrination, I don’t mean to be trite, but we can hardly get our students to write their names on their assignments. It’s quite a stretch to think we can get them to fundamentally shift their worldview.
    • Highlight the Practical: High-quality civic education has a lot of known benefits, including but not limited to literacy gains, college and career readiness, enhancement of durable skills, and thriving communities. Also…ALSO, it’s a requisite for healthy democratic governance. As Thomas Jefferson wrote in an 1818 letter to William Jarvis, “I know no safe depository of the ultimate powers of the society but the people themselves; and if we think them not enlightened enough to exercise their control with a wholesome discretion, the remedy is not to take it from them, but to inform their discretion by education.” Research shows that education does precisely what Jefferson suggests. Students who receive a high-quality civic education are more likely to vote and discuss current issues and events at home, be confident in speaking publicly and communicating with elected officials, and volunteer and work on community issues.
    • Celebrate the Promise: Thomas Jefferson wasn’t the only President who expressed strong support for civic education as a sustaining pillar of liberty in a constitutional democracy. James Madison posited that civic education and engagement were bulwarks against “crafty and dangerous encroachments on the public liberty.” And George Washington, in his Eighth Annual Address to Congress in 1796, said, “a primary object of such a National Institution should be, the education of our Youth in the science of Government. In a Republic, what species of knowledge can be equally important? And what duty, more pressing on its Legislature, than to patronize a plan for communicating it to those, who are to be the future guardians of the liberties of the Country?” As a parent myself, I can think of no greater honor than for my children to be grow up to be guardians of liberty in our country.

Lastly, INVITE.THEM.IN. Forgive the all-caps, but I feel strongly about this one. It doesn’t have to be a literal invitation to visit your classroom, although it can be. Rather, it could be as simple as inviting them into your scope and sequence or a particular unit or lesson plan. You’re teaching your state-mandated standards. You have nothing to hide! So make that visible. Visibility promotes transparency, and transparency promotes trust.

Just know that I trust you. I always have.

And if you need a little help to get started on that parental outreach, I’ve got you covered. Here’s a letter template for parents/guardians you can customize for your voice and local context.

We’re also happy to provide a separate letter template for parents/guardians that introduces iCivics and our approach and academic values that you customize and use.

Written by Emma Humphries

Dr. Emma Humphries, iCivics’ Chief Education Officer, brings extensive classroom experience teaching government, history, and economics, where she discovered the impact of engaging learning tools. With a deep commitment to empowering educators, she continues to champion innovative civic education resources and strategies.

Civics as Invitation

Posted on by icivics

There’s a moment, just before a student raises their hand, when you see the wheels turning. A flicker of hesitation, the weighing of whether their thought is worth sharing. And then—if the classroom is the right kind of space—confidence wins, and the question, the insight, the challenge spills into the air. I saw that moment over and over again this week in classrooms where teachers were using iCivics to guide discussions on democracy, governance, and civic responsibility.

It’s easy to talk about civic education in broad strokes. We know the statistics, the declining trust in institutions, the polarization. But in these classrooms, the conversation was immediate, alive. Students debated real-world court cases, mapped out the branches of government, stepped into the roles of legislators and advocates. And in the center—calm, nimble, engaged—were the teachers.

Teachers do more than instruct. They hold space for tough conversations, model engagement with disagreement, help students see the weight of their voices. In one classroom, a student hesitated before responding to a classmate’s argument. The teacher let the moment breathe. Eventually, she spoke—not just to counter but to build on the idea. That small thing was the foundation of civic engagement: listening, considering, responding with purpose.

How do you teach civic courage? How do you help young people feel the power of participation in a system that can seem too large, too distant, too broken? The teachers I observed weren’t delivering grand speeches or prescribing a single way to engage but creating conditions where students could discover for themselves. They nudged, they asked, they left silences open just long enough for students to step in.

There’s a kind of hope in this work. At a time when civics can feel like a battleground, these teachers are not retreating. They lean in, trusting that giving students tools to understand, question, and shape the world is worth what they might face. They teach not just the mechanics of government but the habits of participation, the confidence to speak and listen, the understanding that democracy is not a spectator sport.

I left thinking about the long arc of influence. How a single teacher can shift a student’s sense of agency. How a single moment—raising a hand, offering a counterpoint, taking apart an argument and building it back stronger—can begin a lifetime of engagement. These teachers shape not just the next generation of voters but community builders, advocates, and leaders.

Not every hand will go up. Not every student will leave fully convinced of their power. But the invitation is there, the door is open. And maybe that’s enough for now—to create the space where the next generation can step forward, take their place in the conversation, and decide what comes next.

Kristy Johnson

Posted on by icivics

Can you tell us a little about your work and how you first came across iCivics?

I have a Masters Degree in Education and Coaching, and over a decade of experience teaching K–12 and adult learners. I have taught in turn-around schools, schools where the PTA raised a million dollars a year, in-patient treatment centers, and prisons. I have also tutored a variety of standardized tests: ACT, SAT, ISEE, and PSAT, to name a few.

Currently, I teach adult education. There are two tests our country uses to measure High School Equivalency (HSE) and I teach both: the GED and the HISET. (The TASC was discontinued, but I taught that one as well.)

Civics and government make up 38% of the social studies portion of the HISET and 50% of the social studies portion of the GED. iCivics has some of the best worksheets I have found to teach this subject, and I love the general approach to nonpartisan education for all Americans. I’ve been using the worksheets for years.

What do you think explains civics making up such a significant portion of the high school equivalency tests?

I think the reason for this heavy emphasis on citizenship content is that the GED and HiSET are geared toward adult learners. Topics like the branches of government, voting, and the Bill of Rights are fundamental to a functioning democracy. The exam mirrors a citizenship exam, and I think that’s intentional to the demographic.

What do you see as one of the most important pieces of the kind of civic education you provide?

More than ever, students need to know how to find a reliable resource, and how to sift through fake news and AI-generated content to find what is true. My undergrad degree was in journalism, and we learned how to research: how to verify information, how to find a reliable resource, etc. I appreciate that iCivics resources do just that: teach students how to research and find what is true. This is the most important topic for a functioning society.

The majority of students are like, “Wait. I saw a video on that.” I push back and ask, “Where did the video come from? How do you know if it’s real?” Students often don’t care. “So what if it isn’t?”

To get students to care about the fact that their “news” (TikTok videos and such) might be fake, you have to start with topics that matter to them. I let students choose a topic they care about, and then we discuss how they would feel if they saw AI-generated content or fake news about that topic. What would they do? How would they feel? How would they verify or know what is true?

Some students truly believe we cannot know what is and isn’t true anymore. You have to walk students through the research process multiple times to prove that we can actually know what is true. Explore several articles on one event. Identify bias and leading language. Distill the facts. This helps students see that we CAN know what is true. We just have to be critical and careful consumers.

What challenges do you encounter in your teaching?

Distrust is a big one. Everybody comes into class with some kind of “Whose side are you teaching me?” mindset. Especially students coming from countries where the United States is considered untrustworthy, or students who have had court involvement or incarceration touch their home. I always say I’m not trying to teach you what to think, I’m trying to teach you how to think.

Equipping students with techniques to tell if something is true is essential, and then showing them that these techniques work and they CAN know what is and isn’t true.

About Kristy

Years as Educator: 10+

School/Organization: Adult and Community Learning Services, Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education (DESE)

Honoring the Hard Work of Our Civic Educators

Posted on by Sophie Gordon

We are grateful for you, civic educators. That’s the first thing I want to say in this post-election environment. We have no doubt that you have experienced a range of emotions over the last several days, and that’s to be expected.

What binds us together, regardless of how we are processing this moment in time, is the fact that you continue to do your best to show up for your students. As our CEO, Louise Dubé, wrote several weeks ago, you also stand shoulder-to-shoulder with election workers and volunteers, community leaders, and so many others as “civic frontline workers,” safeguarding our best democratic traditions.

Through this election cycle, you did something that I suspect many Americans didn’t have the privilege of seeing—you supported one another as civic educators. I saw members of the iCivics Educator Network join monthly meetings to share their experiences. I saw civics teachers on social media stand up for their peers and offer ideas for engaging students about the election and our constitutional democracy.

On Constitution Day, I visited City High School in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where I witnessed firsthand what it looks like and what it takes to build a strong civic culture and ethos of caring for things beyond oneself. To say that the teachers, administrators, support staff, and students at City High are inspirational would be an understatement.

I’m carrying that inspiration into the days ahead, and I want to issue a call to action for all of us:

This is our moment to step up for civics. To continue to sustain and strengthen our constitutional democracy, we have to keep teaching it. This election cycle brought us into a modern-day Wild West of misinformation, disinformation, and AI-fueled confusion. Together, we carry the heavy responsibility of preparing the rising generations for this transformed environment, and we must redouble our efforts to put civics front and center for students. iCivics has resources to continue teaching around the election as we look toward Inauguration Day and beyond.

We call for peace and understanding. After one of the most contentious elections in our nation’s history, we acknowledge that nerves are still raw in many cases. We urge people to practice empathy for their fellow Americans who may hold different beliefs or have supported a different candidate.

We look to the future. We need to take advantage of this moment to unite people in sustaining and strengthening our constitutional democracy, while celebrating the incredible experiences, contributions, and perspectives of the many groups that constitute American society.

As we move forward, my appreciation for all of you is exemplified by a quote from the great Fred Rogers of Mr. Rogers’ Neighborhood: “Anyone who does anything to help a child in [their] life is a hero to me.”

Thank you for continuing to help. We see you and we appreciate you.

How to Teach Critical Thinking in the Digital Age

Posted on by Sophie Gordon

With information at our fingertips like never before, the sharing of misinformation happens faster than you think. In fact, by the time you see that post or check the credibility of the information, it has been shared hundreds of times, has thousands of likes, and everyone already has an opinion.

As educators, we know to question the credibility of what we see and share online; we’ve learned and honed those skills and put them into practice constantly. But most students don’t have those skills yet, or they haven’t practiced those skills enough for them to become second nature. And because our students have grown up in the digital era, the speed at which they receive and share information is often more important than the credibility of the information itself.

The problem isn’t just misinformation or disinformation. In reality, we are missing something very important: students’ curiosity and desire to know.

Educators have a unique opportunity to foster that curiosity and critical thinking in ways that help students develop a positive and ethical relationship with media and information. Imagine a future where the desire to have credible information sparks a change in the information that is shared. Imagine a future where misinformation isn’t leading the narrative, dividing society, and preventing people from receiving the help that they need. Now don’t just imagine it; join us in making that future a possibility.

How, might you ask? It starts with teaching students media literacy and information literacy. This includes teaching the critical thinking skills students need to:

  • verify the information they encounter,
  • assess the credibility of sources,
  • identify biases in the media,
  • understand how they influence what is shared and how it is shared, and
  • evaluate the use of advertising techniques to grab their attention.

This is an opportunity for educators to foster a culture where students feel comfortable expressing their thoughts and are respectful of others’ opinions. By developing students’ media and digital literacy skills, they learn what is happening in the world around them. And being able to acknowledge, trust, and share that information is how they feel able to participate. The classroom gives students a safe place that encourages their exploration and provides them with opportunities to engage with information, digital tools, and online resources.

We recognized the need for resources that foster learning opportunities and environments. We partnered with the digital literacy experts at Digital Inquiry Group to create Civic Digital Literacy, a collection of nonpartisan, evidence-based, classroom-ready resources that prepares students to skillfully verify the various pieces of information they encounter online. From understanding the value of conserving their attention to investigating the purpose of interest groups, these lessons and videos encourage students to apply digital literacy skills to real-world situations. Use these lesson plans and videos to give students regular opportunities to practice these important critical thinking skills. We even have professional development videos to help teachers understand and teach the key pillars of digital literacy.

My personal favorites are the resources focused on artificial intelligence. Before teaching the topic, familiarize yourself with some of the impacts that AI can have on civic life by watching our professional development video, What Students Need to Know About AI, featuring Sam Wineburg, co-founder of the Digital Inquiry Group.

From there, introduce students to the topic of AI and elections with the video, How Artificial Intelligence Could Influence Elections. It explores how AI could influence elections and comes with a teacher’s guide that includes discussion questions, lots of ideas, links to other lessons, and resources for teachers. It also includes worksheets for guided and independent practice that encourage students to think deeply about the benefits and concerns that the use of AI could pose.

With the foundation set, venture into the lesson, Artificially Speaking: AI Chatbot Claims. Here, students practice lateral reading to investigate claims produced by AI chatbots. We all know that chatbots are pretty impressive, but are they really as smart as they seem? Have students investigate how and where they use chatbots.

Or, use each resource independently or with other amazing iCivics lessons. Each resource is designed to support and complement your needs. Society will give us inquisitive students curious about the world. By equipping them with digital literacy skills, they’re empowered to become informed and engaged citizens, ready to navigate the complex landscape of the digital age and contribute to a thriving democracy.

Written by Emeka Barclay

Emeka Barclay is a Curriculum Associate at iCivics where she helps create and cultivate curricular materials for educators and students. Prior to joining the iCivics team, Emeka taught secondary language arts and social sciences and worked as a technology and learning coach in Alabama. She then relocated to Florida where she was a dean of students. When not helping save the world, Emeka enjoys exploring the sites with her family and friends, searching for the perfect sip of coffee and nibble of cheese, and supporting public libraries.

Thanking Educators and Other Civic Frontline Workers for Their Service to Our Democracy

Posted on by Sophie Gordon

We have reached the final weeks of a very closely contested and tumultuous election campaign, and I want to acknowledge the nerves that many of you in our community may be feeling right now amidst the cascading challenges around us and the nature of our work together. I am feeling the weight of the moment, too.

In times like these, sometimes the best we can do is channel our energy into something simple and positive, which for me is often gratitude. In that spirit, I want to ask you to join me in thanking America’s civic frontline workers—educators of all kinds, election officials and volunteers, local leaders and advocates, public servants, and others—who are upholding the essential ideals and traditions of our constitutional democracy. Let’s reserve special appreciation for the civic frontline workers who have been impacted by the recent hurricanes across the southern U.S. Our thoughts are with you.

Our nation’s educators are particularly underappreciated champions of our democracy. They bring civics and history to life in classrooms and communities. Especially during election cycles, they do indispensable work helping young people make better sense of the world around them, including the increasingly fraught digital landscape. And yet, they have too often been targets for criticism and worse as our country has become so deeply polarized.

The path to bringing our country back together and strengthening our democracy will be lined with educators and other civic frontline workers. Why? Because they are the ones best situated to do the urgent work of helping students learn civics and develop the knowledge, skills, and dispositions to navigate our increasingly diverse society and digital democracy, including artificial intelligence and whatever lies beyond it.

In a world where rapid change feels like one of the only constants, it makes no sense that we aren’t paying more attention to the teaching of civics, history, and related topics. Today, the spending in these areas in K–12 education is only about 50 cents per student, making it one of the most under-resourced subjects in the entire education system, according to our research.

This shocks my conscience every time I hear it, but it also clarifies my belief that civics represents an incredibly high-value and cross-cutting investment opportunity for anyone looking to strengthen our education system and our democracy.

Right now, our focus should be on:

  • Making sure educators feel supported with resources to help them bring the election into the classroom (check out our Election Headquarters for more on that) and looking ahead to what support will be needed to make the 250th anniversary of our democracy in 2026 as powerful a teaching and learning experience as possible;
  • Dramatically expanding our movement’s engagement in policy, with a goal of increasing federal support to $1 billion annually for civics and driving commensurate policy changes at the state level; and
  • Elevating civic education at the cultural level and driving greater conversation about the importance of teaching and learning of our democracy.

We hardly need more evidence that the time has come for civics. In addition to answering the urgent challenges our nation’s young people (and many of the rest of us) are facing in our transformed digital democracy, we have a generational opportunity for civics ahead of us in the form of the 250th anniversary of our nation in 2026.

We have little time to waste, so we can take a big cue and some comfort from the words of our founder, the late U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor, who said, “We don’t accomplish anything in this world alone.”

In that vein, join us in acknowledging, supporting, and celebrating educators and other civic frontline workers by showering them with praise on social media, thanking them when you see them out in the world, and otherwise spreading the message that they are our Fellow Americans walking that democratic walk and doing their part to ensure our nation endures for another 250 years.